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**1. Origins and Evolution:**
– Architectural design historically done by artisans like stone masons and carpenters
– Development in technology and mathematics led to the emergence of gentleman architects
– The architect title comes from Greek for master builder
– Paper and pencils availability in the 15th to 16th centuries improved pre-construction drawings
– No clear distinction between architect and engineer until modern times

**2. Professional Practice:**
– Legal practice of architecture requires appropriate license, certification, or registration
– Representation as an architect is restricted to licensed individuals
– Architects can practice independently, unlike building design professionals
– Architects coordinate a design team throughout the project
– Non-licensed individuals may design smaller structures in some places

**3. Design and Specializations:**
– Architects create design concepts meeting client requirements
– Design proposals need to be imaginative and practical
– Architects specialize in various areas like residential, commercial, landscape, etc.
– Architects may work in teams with specialists from different fields
– Architects may work on interior design, urban planning, sustainable design, or historic preservation

**4. Technology and Environmental Considerations:**
– Architects traditionally used drawings for design proposals
– Computer technology has become the industry standard
– Modern buildings aim to reduce carbon emissions
– Designs incorporate renewable energy sources
– Focus on low energy use, passive solar design, and environmental sustainability

**5. Professional Requirements and Recognition:**
– Architects need to register with appropriate jurisdictions
– University degree in architecture is a basic educational requirement
– Experience is gained through internships or practicums
– Architects’ fees are based on construction value percentage, unit area rate, or hourly rates
– Professional organizations like the International Union of Architects and awards like the Pritzker Prize recognize architectural excellence.