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**Indigenous Architecture in Australia:**

– Traditional architecture varied based on lifestyle, social organization, culture, and climate.
– Different forms included dome frameworks, arc-shaped structures, tripod shelters, stone-based structures, and pole constructions.
– Stone engineering was utilized by various Indigenous groups, like the Gunditjmara peoples in Western Victoria.
– Sophisticated stone structures, such as stone homes and shelters, were found in different regions of Australia.

**Indigenous Housing Design in Australia:**

– Faced challenges like housing shortages, poor construction quality, and unsuitable designs.
– Two main design approaches were Health and Culture, focusing on health factors and cultural norms.
– Culturally specific housing needs were crucial for successful housing projects.
– Inappropriate Western-style housing could disrupt social organization and relationships.

**Contemporary Indigenous Architecture in Australia:**

– Defining Indigenous architecture in the contemporary context is a debated topic.
– Projects may advance Aboriginal agency even if designed for non-Indigenous users.
– Evidence-based research is essential for the development of Indigenous architectural projects.

**Indigenous Architecture in Canada:**

– Indigenous people developed building traditions before Europeans arrived.
– Canada had five cultural regions with distinct building forms.
– Traditional Canadian architecture reflected environmental conditions and cultural values.
– Dwellings like wigwams, longhouses, and tipis were common.

**Modern Housing Issues in Canada:**

– Indigenous people were encouraged to settle on reserves and adopt farming.
– Post-World War II, indigenous participation in housing and economy was limited.
– Living conditions on reserves have not significantly improved since the 1960s.