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**Modern Architecture Highlights:**

– **2020s:**
– Torres Obispado in Monterrey, Mexico completed.
– Central Park Tower in New York City finished.
– 1915 Çanakkale Bridge in Turkey completed.
– Arch of Reunification in North Korea demolished.
– Sagrada Família expected to be finished.

– **2010s:**
– Notre-Dame fire in 2019.
– Apples new headquarters Apple Park opened in 2017.
– Shanghai Tower in Shanghai completed in 2015.
– One World Trade Center opened in New York City in 2014.
– Al Hamra Tower completed in Kuwait in 2011.

– **2000s:**
– CityCenter opens in Las Vegas Strip in 2009.
– Water Cube, Birds Nest, South railway station in Beijing completed for 2008 Summer Olympics.
– Casa da Música opens in Porto, Portugal in 2005.
– Taipei 101 topped out in 2003.
– Simmons Hall dormitory completed at MIT in 2002.

**Iconic Architecture of the Late 20th Century:**

– **1990s:**
– Jewish Museum Berlin completed in 1999.
– Petronas Twin Towers in Kuala Lumpur completed in 1998.
– Guggenheim Museum Bilbao designed by Frank Gehry in 1997.
– Oscar Niemeyer completes Niterói Contemporary Art Museum in Brazil in 1996.
– Frederick Weisman Museum of Art completed in University of Minnesota in 1990.

– **1980s:**
– I. M. Peis pyramid addition to the Louvre opened in 1989.
– MOMA Exhibition Deconstructivist architecture opens in 1988.
– Lloyds Building in London completed in 1986.
– HSBC Headquarters Building in Hong Kong completed in 1985.
– Philip Johnsons AT&T Building opens in New York City in 1984.

**Architectural Milestones through the 19th Century:**

– **1880s:**
– 1889 Paris exhibition showcases Eiffel Tower.
– 1888 Exposición Universal de Barcelona displays buildings by Catalan architects.
– 1887 H. H. Richardson completes Marshall Field Store in Chicago.
– 1886 Ludwig Mies van der Rohe is born.
– 1885 William Le Baron Jenney builds Home Insurance Building, first metal-frame skyscraper.

– **1870s:**
– 1879 Louis Sullivan joins Dankmar Adlers firm in Chicago.
– 1878 Herrenchiemsee in Bavaria construction begins.
– 1877 St Pancras railway station in London is completed.
– 1876 Bayreuth Festspielhaus by Gottfried Semper is finished.
– 1875 Opéra Garnier is completed in Paris.

– **1860s:**
– 1869 Georges Biet is born.
– 1868 Peter Behrens and Charles Rennie Mackintosh are born.
– 1868 Gyeongbokgung of Korea is reconstructed.
– 1867 Frank Lloyd Wright is born.
– 1866 St Pancras Hotel in London by Sir George Gilbert Scott is completed.

**Historical Architectural Development:**

– **1850s:**
– 1859 Louis Majorelle and Cass Gilbert are born.
– 1858 Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux win Central Park design competition.
– 1857 American Institute of Architects is founded.
– 1856 Louis Sullivan and Eugène Vallin are born.
– 1855 Palais dIndustrie is built for Worlds Fair in Paris.

– **1840s:**
– 1849 John Ruskin publishes.
– 1848 Revolutions across Europe influence architecture.
– 1847 Completion of the Washington Monument in Washington, D.C.
– 1846 Birth of Ricardo Bofill.
– 1845 Birth of Victor Horta.

**Architectural Evolution in the Early Centuries:**

– **1830s:**
– 1839 – Frank Furness is born in Philadelphia.
– 1838 – Rideau Hall is built by Thomas McKay.
– 1837 – The Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) is founded.
– 1836 – A.W.N. Pugin publishes ‘Contrasts,’ a treatise on Catholic, Gothic architecture.
– 1835 – New Orleans Mint, Dahlonega Mint, and Charlotte Mint are designed by William Strickland.

– **1820s:**
– 1829 – Eastern State Penitentiary in Philadelphia, designed by John Havilland, opens.
– 1828 – Marble Arch in London, designed by John Nash, is completed.
– 1827 – William Burges, British Gothic Revival architect, is born.
– 1826 – Menai Suspension Bridge in Wales, designed by Thomas Telford, is completed.
– 1825 – Front and rear porticoes are added to the White House.

– **1810s:**
– 1819 – Horace Jones, English architect, is born.
– 1818 – James Renwick Jr., American architect, is born.
– 1817 – Dulwich Picture Gallery in London is designed by Sir John Soane.
– 1816 – Regents Bridge in London, designed by James Walker, is opened.
– 1815 – Brighton Pavilion is redesigned by John Nash for King George IV.

– **1800s:**
– 1809 – Baron Haussmann, city planner, is born.
– 1808 – Construction begins on the Paris Bourse, designed by Alexandre-Théodore Brongniart.
– 1807 – Templo de